RFID asset location tracking management solution

　　1. Significance of Asset Management System Construction

　　Fixed asset management is an important component of enterprise management. Fixed assets are characterized by large quantities, diverse types, high value, long usage cycles, and dispersed usage locations, making management difficult. Many units still rely on manual bookkeeping management methods. Due to the large number of management documents and heavy inventory work, they require significant human and material resources. Moreover, historical operations and asset statistics of fixed assets are extremely difficult, leading to asset loss and repeated asset purchases. In recent years, some fixed asset management software has emerged. Although it has largely solved the problem of manual bookkeeping, most systems that enter data manually are not only slow and prone to errors, but also suffer from serious disconnect between physical assets and accounting information in asset management, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern enterprise management.

　　To improve fixed asset supervision and combine with the actual situation of enterprises, we have developed the "RFID Asset Management System," which is of great significance:

　　1) Ensures the safety of valuable materials, the stability of enterprise development, and the protection of personal interests from harm;

　　2) Modernization of enterprise valuable asset management and reduced the workload of safety management;

　　3) Implement anti-theft security management for assets to prevent loss or leakage;

　　4) Real-time positioning, tracking, and automatic inventory of valuable assets, enabling automated and intelligent asset management;

　　5) Freeing up manual labor, saving management costs, and greatly improving management standards;

　　This solution integrates highly advanced long-range RFID technology, short-range RF technology, and multi-user collision prevention monitoring technology. Tags, locators, readers and writers, communication gateways, and more, all are designed using brand-new embedded microprocessors and embedded software. The system has strong signal penetration, is free from electromagnetic pollution to humans, and highly adaptable to the environment. It can simultaneously locate multiple tags and achieve wireless alarms. Currently, this new information recognition, access, transmission, and management technology has quickly gained widespread recognition from domestic and international peers.

　　1.1. The Value and Advantages of Asset Management Systems

　　RFID-based asset management systems effectively solve the problems of information management. The active identification and positioning functions of RFID improve management efficiency and realize asset information management.

　　At the same time, the system also offers the following advantages:

　　1) Safe for the human body

　　The RFID reader itself only receives signals and does not emit any signals, while the radio frequency signals generated by RFID tags fully comply with national electromagnetic radiation protection regulations (GB9175-88, GB8702-88).

　　2) High reliability

　　Stability and reliability are the biggest challenges; frequent missed or false alarms are absolutely unacceptable.

　　3) Positioning of large amounts of assets without omission

　　We have effectively solved the challenges of long distances, high traffic, and ultra-low power consumption, fundamentally improving product performance. This ensures that the system can effectively reduce the collision rate of RF positioning signals in the air under high-density positioning RF tag clusters, greatly lowering the probability of RF signal reception loss.

　　4) High compatibility

　　The system is compatible with mainstream video interfaces. When an alarm occurs, it can immediately access on-site video surveillance footage to help managers analyze the incident scene and make more intuitive and accurate judgments about the alarm.

　　5) Easy maintenance

　　The system provides automatic maintenance functions for electronic tags and positioning devices, and offers fault detection for RFID readers, greatly reducing system maintenance costs.

　　2. Overall System Architecture

　　Real-time positioning, tracking, and access control management systems use RFID applications, using active electronic tags as the most advanced identification codes, featuring resistance to damage, reliable data, long service life, and long effective communication distance. They are installed on controlled targets as unique identifiers for tracking, positioning, and access control management. It is the best alternative to barcodes.

　　3. System Composition

　　1) Asset labeling

　　Asset tags are dual-frequency anti-theft electronic tags designed for 'Asset Intelligent Management Systems,' suitable for most asset applications.

　　2) Reader/writer

　　2.4G microwave band dual-antenna reader/writer, capable of simultaneously recognizing 500 tags and providing SDK interface.

　　3) Low-frequency activator

　　Used for access control entry and exit management, as well as for dynamic management of critical areas, and can trigger alarms when approaching critical areas.

　　4) Handheld inventory counting

　　The goods to be counted are imported into the handheld inventory machine, which then displays the corresponding information through handheld counting. Inventory personnel collect data based on the actual quantity, simultaneously verify or print the results, and import the inventory data into the headquarters backend management system for analysis.

　　4) Communication gateway

　　Handle data uploaded by readers and writers, and manage them uniformly.

　　5) Asset management system software

　　Used for asset authorization, inventory, search, positioning, addition, and scrapping, among others;

　　4. Main functional structure diagram of the system

　　5. Asset Management System Regional Positioning:

　　5.1. Asset Regional Positioning System Architecture

　　The asset area positioning system uses RFID technology to attach an active tag to each mobile asset. One (or more) long-distance readers and writers matching the active tags are installed in the data center, keeping all fixed assets within the reader's recognition range. The readers automatically recognize the tag ID information carried by all fixed assets and supervise the status of all fixed assets in real time. If an asset is illegally taken out without permission, the system will send information to the monitoring center at any time and trigger an alarm. Only authorized and legal fixed assets can be safely removed, ensuring the safety of each asset.

　　5.1.2 Regional Positioning Diagram

　　5.2 Precise Regional Positioning:

　　Asset area positioning is performed in key areas; once an asset enters that area, it achieves regional positioning and alarm alerts, combined with video surveillance functions to enable video linkage. Uses low-frequency activator rod antennas, with each antenna's activation area adjustable from 1m to 5m. When an asset enters the antenna wake-up zone, the tag sends the tag identity ID and activation antenna address code ID in real time. The 2.4G long-distance reader receives this data as the data basis for asset area positioning, enabling alarm alerts and video linkage analysis.

　　5.3. Regional Fuzzy Localization:

　　Measurement principle of the signal transmission attenuation model

　　Regional fuzzy localization uses the method of measuring the connection signal strength (RSSI) between nodes (reader/writer, electronic tag), and estimates the transmission distance between nodes using a wireless signal spatial transmission attenuation model;

　　This solution can to some extent avoid the impact of complex environments on RFID signal transmission by determining the frequency of recognition by multiple readers and the gain added during reception to determine and achieve regional positioning. This technology can meet some regional positioning needs to some extent, such as monitoring bank cash box areas, monitoring the placement of special hospital equipment, and confidential assets.

　　6. Functions of the Asset Management Area Positioning System:

　　1) Daily asset operation management; Mainly includes daily management tasks such as asset procurement and warehousing, issuance and outbound, asset addition, modification, transfer, borrowing, return, scrapping, maintenance, and depreciation provision. Each fixed asset can also be accompanied by a photo of the asset for easy viewing of valuable items. Among them, asset transfer, asset borrowing, asset maintenance, and asset scrapping have fully implemented electronic approval processes;

　　2) Fixed asset statements; Query fixed asset classification statistics monthly (annual) reports, monthly reports on increases (decreases) in fixed assets for the month, and monthly (annual) reports on fixed asset depreciation according to conditions such as unit, department, and time, and print reports;

　　3) Real-time asset positioning, query, and printing of controlled target quantity activity trajectories and distribution within the current and specific time periods;

　　4) Asset information collection, verification, and inventory: The reader and writer collect active asset tag information in real time for inventory, cross-checking data uploaded by the reader against database data, and handling abnormal data appropriately, such as asset scrapping and exit due to inventory loss. It can generate detailed inventory surplus and deficit subsidiary tables and inventory summary tables by unit and department;

　　5) When assets are brought into restricted zones, the backend automatically triggers an alarm. Some areas are restricted zones (warning zones, hazardous material source zones, etc.). If unauthorized assets are brought into the restricted zone, the backend system automatically triggers an alarm and pops up a video window at the incident site;

　　6) Alarm for asset area boundary crossing, unauthorized departure alarm: fixed assets in specific areas must not be taken out of the area without authorization. If illegally leaving the area, the system automatically alarms and displays departure and location information;

　　7) Delayed alarms for asset theft and borrowing, with alarms for delays beyond the specified time.

　　8) Permission control function: Divides users into different roles, each with different operational permissions. Fixed asset data can be controlled for field read/write display. Each branch can have its own authority system.

　　The entire system will do its best to maintain users' existing network systems and application systems, with reserved interfaces that can be integrated with existing or future application systems, achieving unified multi-party management functions and reducing or avoiding user redundant investments.

　　7. Asset access control management system

　　Access control management diagram

　　The asset access control management system is based on advanced radio frequency technology, attaching an active tag to each moving asset. At each elevator entrance and exit (entrance, entrance), a reader/writer and an activator matching the asset tag (elevator, main gate, and floor entrance/exit with activation antennas and 2.4G signal coverage) are installed. When the asset tag approaches a certain range of the activator, the reader automatically recognizes items entering and exiting and automatically records the asset tag ID number carried by the inbound and exiting assets; If an asset is not authorized, the system automatically triggers an alarm to prevent confidential incidents, ensuring strict control over the entry and exit of every fixed asset carrier, while ensuring efficient and fast actual operation.

　　8. Access control management system functions

　　1) Prevent unauthorized assets from being illegally taken out of unauthorized areas. For example: if an asset is granted permission for internal use within the building, and the borrower intentionally or unintentionally carries the asset outside the building (without secondary authorization), the reader and writer collects the relevant information and transmits it to the backend for comparison, triggering an alarm device to trigger an alarm; Only fixed assets that have undergone secondary authorization can be removed from the building, and at the same time, relevant information of the assets (such as borrower, borrowing date, outbound time, etc.) is automatically recorded in the database;

　　2) Unit leaders or employees only need to carry an electronic tag and pass through access control to complete attendance functions (employee name, position, working hours, etc. are automatically entered into the database), and attendance reports for weekly and monthly time periods can be printed as needed; Prevent strangers from entering office buildings under various pretexts to ensure the safety of valuable assets and administrative staff; Visitors and business personnel from outside who have been allowed by leadership are registered and temporary passes are issued.

　　3) Real-time monitoring function: system administrators can view the entry and exit status of each gate area asset in real time via PC (with photo display) and the status of each gate area (abnormal status alerts);

　　4) Access record query function: the system can store all entry and exit records and status records, allowing queries according to different criteria.

　　9. Asset tracking, positioning, and monitoring of the overall process