A brief analysis of RFID applications in traffic management integrated platforms

　　RFID, commonly known as electronic tags, is a non-contact automatic identification technology that automatically identifies target objects and obtains relevant data through radio frequency signals. The identification process requires no manual intervention and can operate in various harsh environments. At the same time, RFID technology can recognize high-speed moving objects and simultaneously recognize multiple tags, making operation fast and convenient. RFID technology is applied in integrated platform business development as a new method of traffic information collection, offering greater accuracy than traditional traffic information collection methods. In recent years, with the establishment and implementation of RFID technical standards, RFID applications in the transportation sector have gradually been promoted as a method for collecting traffic information.

　　RFID is used as an electronic automotive identification (also known as an electronic license plate). It is a unique electronic ID card for vehicles by combining ordinary license plates with ultra-high frequency RFID technology. This brand-new technology changes the existing method of collecting license plate information and integrates with traffic management integrated platforms. It meets the requirements of public security traffic police for "real-time monitoring, networked control, automatic alarms, rapid response, scientific efficiency, and information sharing," and achieves digital, intelligent, and refined traffic management.

　　RFID is a technical feature of traffic information collection methods

　　RFID process and information collection methods

　　The basic working principle of RFID is: after the tag enters a magnetic field, it receives the RF signal sent by the card reader. The coil embedded in the card and external inductors and capacitors generate oscillations to generate energy, which can send product information stored in the chip (passive tag), or actively transmit a signal at a certain frequency (active tag). The interpreter reads and decodes the information, then sends it to the central information system for data processing.

　　The main methods for collecting traffic information via RFID include:

　　Vehicles should have electronic automotive tags placed directly above their windows, and RFID base stations should be added at at-grade intersections of major urban traffic arteries, including fixed, handheld bases, and vehicle-mounted mobile base stations.

　　Relying on existing police workstations and traffic violation information collection base station systems, build a "dual-base identification" vehicle information collection system that organically integrates RFID technology and video technology. Therefore, besides automotive electronic tags and card readers, information collection systems also include video surveillance equipment.

　　Compared to other collection techniques

　　In the construction of traditional traffic management integrated platforms, the collection and processing of traffic information are the main functions that the platform needs to complete. A series of traffic detection technologies have already been applied during the collection and processing of traffic information. For example, induction coils, microwaves, video, floating vehicles, license plate matching, etc. With the development of vehicle networking technology, RFID technology as a means of collecting traffic information is increasingly evolving and gaining increasing attention for its unique nature of information collection.

　　Traditional traffic data collection technologies focus on collecting traffic flow information, with little attention to individual vehicle information. Although some methods, such as license plate matching technology, consider vehicle identification information, recognition is limited by image processing technology and complex traffic environments, so more advanced technologies are still needed for improvement and enhancement. However, IoT technology, especially the development of vehicle networking represented by RFID, has laid the technical foundation for collecting single-vehicle characteristic data, making integrated collection of vehicle and traffic flow information possible, and providing the prerequisite for achieving integrated perception of road traffic systems.

　　RFID application scenarios in traffic management

　　The main role of RFID in public security is precise management of vehicle identity. It can serve regional traffic dynamic control organizations, key regional operational status records and retrospectives, traceability of hit-and-run vehicles, traffic violation management, and annual vehicle inspection management.

　　RFID-based integrated traffic management platform architecture

　　Overall platform architecture

　　The RFID collection method is integrated with other business systems in the traffic management system to form a complete traffic information collection data surface. It can serve functions such as data collection and control, policing applications, decision analysis, public services, and data query and display in integrated traffic management.

　　The system architecture of the traffic management integration platform is divided into "four levels and two systems."

　　Operating environment layer: physical resources including computers, networks, storage devices, etc.; supporting software includes GIS software, databases, and integrated software. This layer provides a comprehensive operational infrastructure for the transportation integration platform.

　　Business system layer: The various information resources relied upon by the integration platform perception. At the same time, the data processed by the platform can also serve business systems. The sensing devices include automotive electronic signage and read/write devices, existing high-definition checkpoint video capture systems for traffic police, and traffic light control systems. Information Service Bus: Supports data interaction, sharing, and interface integration services between different layers.

　　Application System Layer: Includes six major categories: data query and display, system management, data collection and control, police applications, decision analysis, and public services. Two systems: the information security assurance system spanning four levels and the information standards and norms system.

　　Software feature description

　　The software architecture consists of an information collection system, data center, business processing and application service components, system management, and presentation systems.

　　Traffic information collection and preprocessing system: Dynamic identification and data analysis of "automotive electronic identification labels" are achieved through RFID base stations and video collection devices, including control command generation, data format conversion and standardization, data rationality checks, and data storage. By integrating other existing business systems of the public security traffic police, such as onboard terminal data collection and electronic police checkpoint systems, it enables vehicle-specific control and vehicle-related services.

　　Data Center: Stores information to be saved in the database via connection with the database. Enables effective storage, management, and rapid retrieval services for business data required by platform application systems.

　　Business processing and application service components: Based on the collected vehicle IDs, various application processing is performed to realize data applications based on RFID identification, providing flexible and scalable component services for the functions of various application systems within the platform.

　　System management and display system: provides users with population services across various pickup platforms.

　　Information system security assurance

　　Traffic management integration platforms using RFID as the basic data collection method mainly serve public security traffic police, requiring consideration of system security and prevention of intrusions. The platform must provide a multi-layered and comprehensive security protection system and measures, with redundant settings to ensure safe and reliable operation. Security with other traffic information platforms: Access control can be achieved through devices such as barriers and firewalls; Compatibility with public network interfaces: Strict access control policies are established through firewalls.

　　Conclusion

　　Facing severe challenges such as road congestion, environmental pollution, and limited vehicle-related management methods in urban traffic, the adoption of automotive electronic tag collection methods has brought new transformations to traffic management. After integration with traffic management integration platforms, as a means of traffic information collection, it serves digital, intelligent, and refined traffic management, greatly improving the level of traffic management and monitoring.